Tuesday Seminar on Topology

Seminar information archive ~03/28Next seminarFuture seminars 03/29~

Date, time & place Tuesday 17:00 - 18:30 056Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Organizer(s) KAWAZUMI Nariya, KITAYAMA Takahiro, SAKASAI Takuya

Seminar information archive

2018/04/24

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Takahiro Yamamoto (Tokyo Gakugei University)
Singular Fibers of smooth maps and Cobordism groups (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
Following the pioneering work of R.Thom, cobordism groups of smooth maps have been studied by some mathematicians. Especially, cobordism groups of Morse functions on closed manifolds was studied by O.Saeki and K.Ikegami, B.Kalmar. In this talk, we will introduce cobordism groups among Morse functions on compact manifolds with boundary and study the cobordism groups are trivial or not by using the theory of the universal complex of singular fibers of smooth maps.

2018/04/17

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Tamás Kálmán (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Tight contact structures on Seifert surface complements and knot invariants (ENGLISH)
[ Abstract ]
In joint work with Daniel Mathews, we examined complements of standard Seifert surfaces of special alternating links and used Honda's method to enumerate those tight contact structures on them whose dividing sets are isotopic to the link. The number turns out to be the leading coefficient of the Alexander polynomial. The proof is rather combinatorial in nature; for example, the Euler classes of the contact structures are identified with `hypertrees' in a certain hypergraph. Using earlier results with Hitoshi Murakami and Alexander Postnikov, this yields a connection between contact topology and the Homfly polynomial. We also found that the contact invariants of our structures form a basis for the sutured Floer homology of the manifold.

2018/04/10

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Hisaaki Endo (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
On the Morse-Novikov number for 2-knots (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
Pajitnov, Rudolph and Weber defined the Morse-Novikov number for classical links and studied their undamental properties in 2001. This invariant has been investigated in relation to (twisted) Alexander polynomials and the (twisted) Novikov homology. In this talk, we define the Morse-Novikov number for 2-knots and show its several properties. In particular, we describe its relations to motion pictures and spin constructions for 2-knots. This talk is based on joint works with Andrei Pajitnov (Nantes University).

2018/04/03

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Kei Irie (The University of Tokyo)
Chain level loop bracket and pseudo-holomorphic disks (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
Let $L$ be a Lagrangian submanifold in a symplectic vector space which is closed, oriented and spin. Using virtual fundamental chains of moduli spaces of nonconstant pseudo-holomorphic disks with boundaries on $L$, one can define a Maurer-Cartan element of a Lie bracket operation in string topology (the loop bracket) defined at chain level. This idea is due to Fukaya, who also pointed out its important consequences in symplectic topology. In this talk I will explain how to rigorously carry out this idea. Our argument is based on a string topology chain model previously introduced by the speaker, and theory of Kuranishi structures on moduli spaces of pseudo-holomorphic disks, which has been developed by Fukaya-Oh-Ohta-Ono.

2018/03/30

15:00-16:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Matteo Felder (University of Geneva)
Graph Complexes and the Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra (ENGLISH)
[ Abstract ]
The Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra krv was introduced by A. Alekseev and C. Torossian. It describes the symmetries of the Kashiwara-Vergne problem in Lie theory. It has been shown to contain the Grothendieck-Teichmüller Lie algebra grt as a Lie subalgebra. Conjecturally, these two Lie algebras are expected to be isomorphic. An important theorem by T. Willwacher states that in degree zero the cohomology of M. Kontsevich's graph complex GC is isomorphic to grt. We will show how T. Willwacher's result induces a natural way to define a nested sequence of Lie subalgebras of krv whose intersection is grt. This infinite family therefore interpolates between the two Lie algebras. For this we will recall several techniques from the theory of graph complexes. If time permits, we will then sketch how one might generalize these notions to establish a "genus one" analogue of T. Willwacher theorem. More precisely, we will define a chain complex whose degree zero cohomology is given by a Lie subalgebra of the elliptic Grothendieck-Teichmüller Lie algebra introduced by B. Enriquez. The last part is joint work in progress with T. Willwacher.

2018/03/30

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Florian Naef (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Goldman-Turaev formality in genus 0 from the KZ connection (ENGLISH)
[ Abstract ]
Using the intersection and self-intersection of loops on a surface one can define the Goldman-Turaev Lie bialgebra. By earlier joint work with A. Alekseev, N. Kawazumi and Y. Kuno it is known that the linearization problem of the Goldman-Turaev Lie bialgebra is closely related to the Kashiwara-Vergne problem and hence to Drinfeld associators. It turns out that in the case of a genus 0 surface and over the field of complex numbers there is a very direct and explicit proof of the formality of the Goldman-Turaev Lie bialgebra using the monodromy of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov connection. This is joint work with Anton Alekseev.

2018/02/21

17:00-18:30   Room #122 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Gwénaël Massuyeau (Université de Bourgogne)
The category of bottom tangles in handlebodies, and the Kontsevich integral (ENGLISH)
[ Abstract ]
Habiro introduced the category B of « bottom tangles in handlebodies », which encapsulates the set of knots in the 3-sphere as well as the mapping class groups of 3-dimensional handlebodies. There is a natural filtration on the category B defined using an appropriate generalization of Vassiliev invariants. In this talk, we will show that the completion of B with respect to the Vassiliev filtration is isomorphic to a certain category A which can be defined either in a combinatorial way using « Jacobi diagrams », or by a universal property via the notion of « Casimir Hopf algebra ». Such an isomorphism will be obtained by extending the Kontsevich integral (originally defined as a knot invariant) to a functor Z from B to A. This functor Z can be regarded as a refinement of the TQFT-like functor derived from the LMO invariant and, if time allows, we will evoke the topological interpretation of the « tree-level » of Z. (This is based on joint works with Kazuo Habiro.)

2018/01/30

17:00-18:00   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Yuichi Ike (The University of Tokyo)
Persistence-like distance on Tamarkin's category and symplectic displacement energy (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
The microlocal sheaf theory due to Kashiwara and Schapira can be regarded as Morse theory with sheaf coefficients. Recently it has been applied to symplectic geometry, after the pioneering work of Tamarkin. In this talk, I will propose a new sheaf-theoretic method to estimate the displacement energy of compact subsets in cotangent bundles. In the course of the proof, we introduce a persistence-like pseudo-distance on Tamarkin's sheaf category. This is a joint work with Tomohiro Asano.

2018/01/23

17:00-18:00   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Yuta Nozaki (The University of Tokyo)
An invariant of 3-manifolds via homology cobordisms (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
For a closed 3-manifold X, we consider the topological invariant defined as the minimal integer g such that X is obtained as the closure of a homology cobordism over a surface of genus g. We prove that the invariant equals one for every lens space, which is contrast to the fact that some lens spaces do not admit any open book decomposition whose page is a surface of genus one. The proof is based on the Chebotarev density theorem and binary quadratic forms in number theory.

2018/01/23

18:00-19:00   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Junha Tanaka (The University of Tokyo)
Wrapping projections and decompositions of Keinian groups (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
Let $S$ be a closed surface of genus $g ¥geq 2$. The deformation space $AH(S)$ consists of (conjugacy classes of) discrete faithful representations $\rho:\pi_{1}(S) \to PSL_{2}(\mathbb{C})$.
McMullen, and Bromberg and Holt showed that $AH(S)$ can self-bump, that is, the interior of $AH(S)$ has the self-intersecting closure.
Both of them demonstrated the existence of self-bumping under the exisetence of a non-trivial wrapping projections from an algebraic limits to a geometric limits which wraps an annulus cusp into a torus cusp.
In this talk, given a representation $\rho$ at the boundary of $AH(S)$, we characterize a wrapping projection to a geometric limit associated to $\rho$, by the information of the actions of decomposed Kleinian groups of the image of $\rho$.

2018/01/16

17:00-18:00   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Jimenez Pascual Adrian (The University of Tokyo)
On adequacy and the crossing number of satellite knots (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
It has always been difficult to prove results regarding the (minimal) crossing number of knots. In particular, apparently easy problems such as knowing the crossing number of the connected sum of knots, or bounding the crossing number of satellite knots have been conjectured through decades, yet still remain open. Focusing on this latter problem, in this talk I will prove that the crossing number of a satellite knot is bounded from below by the crossing number of its companion, when the companion is adequate.

2018/01/16

18:00-19:00   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Yumehito Kawashima (The University of Tokyo)
A new relationship between the dilatation of pseudo-Anosov braids and fixed point theory (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
A relation between the dilatation of pseudo-Anosov braids and fixed point theory was studied by Ivanov. In this talk we reveal a new relationship between the above two subjects by showing a formula for the dilatation of pseudo-Anosov braids by means of the representations of braid groups due to B. Jiang and H. Zheng.

2017/12/19

17:30-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Hideki Miyachi (Osaka university)
Deformation of holomorphic quadratic differentials and its applications (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
Quadratic differentials are standard and important objects in Teichmuller theory. The deformation space (moduli space) of the quadratic differentials is applied to many fields of mathematics. In this talk, I will develop the deformation of quadratic differentials. Indeed, following pioneer works by A. Douady, J. Hubbard, H. Masur and W. Veech, we describe the infinitesimal deformations in the odd (co)homology groups on the double covering spaces defined from the square roots of the quadratic differentials. We formulate the decomposition theorem for the infinitesimal deformations with keeping in mind of the induced deformation of the moduli of underlying complex structures. As applications, we obtain the Levi form of the Teichmuller distance, and an alternate proof of the Krushkal formula on the pluricomplex Green function on the Teichmuller space.

2017/12/12

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Tatsuro Shimizu (RIMS, Kyoto university)
On the self-intersection of singular sets of maps and the signature defect (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
Let $M$ be a closed oriented $n$-dimensional manifold. We give a geometric proof of that the $k$-times self-intersection of singular set of a Morin map from $M$ to $R^p$ coincides with the corank $k$ singular set of any generic map from $M$ to $R^{p+k-1}$ as homology classes with $Z/2$ coefficient ($n>p+k-2$). As an application we give a description of the signature defect of framed 3-manifold from the point of view of singular sets of maps.

2017/12/05

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Kazuhiro Kawamura (University of Tsukuba)
Derivations and cohomologies of Lipschitz algebras (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
For a compact metric space M, Lip(M) denotes the Banach algebra of all complex-valued Lipschitz functions on M. Motivated by a classical work of de Leeuw, we define a compact, not necessarily metrizable, Hausdorff space \hat{M} so that each point of \hat{M} induces a derivation on Lip(M). To some extent, \hat{M} may be regarded as "the space of directions." We study, by an elementary method, the space of derivations and continuous Hochschild cohomologies (in the sense of B.E. Johnson and A.Y. Helemskii) of Lip(M) with coefficients C(\hat{M}) and C(M). The results so obtained show that the behavior of Lip(M) is (naturally) rather different than that of the algebra of smooth/C^1 functions on M.

2017/11/28

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Sang-hyun Kim (Seoul National University)
Diffeomorphism Groups of One-Manifolds (ENGLISH)
[ Abstract ]
Let a>=2 be a real number and k = [a]. We denote by Diff^a(S^1) the group of C^k diffeomorphisms such that the k--th derivatives are Hölder--continuous of exponent (a - k). For each real number a>=2, we prove that there exists a finitely generated group G < Diff^a(S^1) such that G admits no injective homomorphisms into Diff^b(S^1) for any b>a. This is joint work with Thomas Koberda.

2017/11/21

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Keiichi Sakai (Shinshu University)
The space of short ropes and the classifying space of the space of long knots (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
We prove affirmatively the conjecture raised by J. Mostovoy; the space of short ropes is weakly homotopy equivalent to the classifying space of the topological monoid (or category) of long knots in R^3. We make use of techniques developed by S. Galatius and O. Randal-Williams to construct a manifold space model of the classifying space of the space of long knots, and we give an explicit map from the space of short ropes to the model in a geometric way. This is joint work with Syunji Moriya (Osaka Prefecture University).

2017/11/07

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Shin Hayashi (AIST-TohokuU MathAM-OIL)
On an explicit example of topologically protected corner states (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
In condensed matter physics, topologically protected (codimension-one) edge states are known to appear on the surface of some insulators reflecting some topology of its bulk. Such phenomena can be understood from the point of view of an index theory associated to the Toeplitz extension and are called the bulk-edge correspondence. In this talk, we consider instead the quarter-plane Toeplitz extension and index theory associated with it. As a result, we show that topologically protected (codimension-two) corner states appear reflecting some topology of the gapped bulk and two edges. Such new topological phases can be obtained by taking a ``product’’ of two classically known topological phases (2d type A and 1d type AIII topological phases). By using this construction, we obtain an example of a continuous family of bounded self-adjoint Fredholm quarter-plane Toeplitz operators whose spectral flow is nontrivial, which gives an explicit example of topologically protected corner states.

2017/10/31

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Yash Lodha (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)
Nonamenable groups of piecewise projective homeomorphisms (ENGLISH)
[ Abstract ]
Groups of piecewise projective homeomorphisms provide elegant examples of groups that are non amenable, yet do not contain non abelian free subgroups. In this talk I will present a survey of these groups and discuss their striking properties. I will discuss properties such as (non)amenability, finiteness properties, normal subgroup structure, actions by various degrees of regularity and Tarski numbers.

2017/10/24

17:30-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Reiko Miyaoka (Tohoku University)
Approach from the submanifold theory to the Floer homology of Lagrangian intersections (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
The Gauss map images of isoparametric hypersurfaces in the spheres supply a rich family of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds of the complex hyperquadric Q_n(C). In simple cases, these are real forms of Q_n(C), and their Floer homology is known. In this talk, we consider the case when the number of distinct principal curvatures is 3,4,6, and report our results. This is a joint work with Hiroshi Iriyeh (Ibaraki U.), Hui Ma (Tsinghua U.) and Yoshihiro Ohnita (Osaka City U.).

2017/10/17

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Atsushi Ishii (University of Tsukuba)
Generalizations of twisted Alexander invariants and quandle cocycle invariants (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
We introduce augmented Alexander matrices, and construct link invariants. An augmented Alexander matrix is defined with an augmented Alexander pair, which gives an extension of a quandle. This framework gives the twisted Alexander invariant and the quandle cocycle invariant. This is a joint work with Kanako Oshiro.

2017/10/10

17:30-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Shoji Yokura (Kagoshima University)
Poset-stratified spaces and some applications (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
A poset-stratified space is a continuous map from a topological space to a poset with the Alexandroff topology. In this talk I will discuss some thoughts about poset-stratified spaces from a naive general-topological viewpoint, some applications such as hyperplane arrangements and poset-stratified space structures of hom-sets, and related topics such as characteristic classes of vector bundles, dependence of maps (by Borsuk) and dependence of cohomology classes (by Thom).

2017/10/03

17:00-18:00   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Athanase Papadopoulos (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)
Transitional geometry (ENGLISH)
[ Abstract ]
I will describe transitions, that is, paths between hyperbolic and spherical geometry, passing through the Euclidean. This is based on joint work with Norbert A’Campo and recent joint work with A’Campo and Yi Huang.

2017/09/26

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Hideko Sekiguchi (The University of Tokyo)
Representations of Semisimple Lie Groups and Penrose Transform (JAPANESE)
[ Abstract ]
The classical Penrose transform is generalized to an intertwining operator on Dolbeault cohomologies of complex homogeneous spaces $X$ of (real) semisimple Lie groups.

I plan to discuss a detailed analysis when $X$ is an indefinite Grassmann manifold.

To be more precise, we determine the image of the Penrose transform, from the Dolbeault cohomology group on the indefinite Grassmann manifold consisting of maximally positive $k$-planes in ${\mathbb{C}}^{p,q}$ ($1 \le k \le \min(p,q)$) to the space of holomorphic functions over the bounded symmetric domain.

Furthermore, we prove that there is a duality between Dolbeault cohomology groups in two indefinite Grassmann manifolds,
namely, that of positive $k$-planes and that of negative $k$-planes.

2017/07/11

17:00-18:30   Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Celeste Damiani (JSPS, Osaka City University)
Some remarkable quotients of virtual braid groups (ENGLISH)
[ Abstract ]
Virtual braid groups are one of the most famous generalizations of braid groups. We introduce a family of quotients of virtual braid groups, called loop braid groups. These groups have been an object of interest in different domains of mathematics and mathematical physics, and can be found in the literature also by names such as groups of permutation-conjugacy automorphisms, braid- permutation groups, welded braid groups, weakly virtual braid groups, untwisted ring groups, and others. We show that they share with braid groups the property of admitting many different definitions. After that we consider a further family of quotients called unrestricted virtual braids, describe their structure and explore their relations with fused links.

< Previous 12345678910111213141516171819 Next >