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Tuesday Seminar on Topology
Seminar information archive ～05/02｜Next seminar｜Future seminars 05/03～
| Date, time & place | Tuesday 17:00 - 18:30 056Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.) |
|---|---|
| Organizer(s) | HABIRO Kazuo, KAWAZUMI Nariya, KITAYAMA Takahiro, SAKASAI Takuya |
Seminar information archive
2008/07/08
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Otto van Koert (北海道大学大学院理学研究科, JSPS)
Contact homology of left-handed stabilizations and connected sums
Otto van Koert (北海道大学大学院理学研究科, JSPS)
Contact homology of left-handed stabilizations and connected sums
[ Abstract ]
In this talk, we will give a brief introduction to contact homology, an invariant of contact manifolds defined by counting holomorphic curves in the symplectization of a contact manifold. We shall show that certain left-handed stabilizations of contact open books have vanishing contact homology.
This is done by finding restrictions on the behavior of holomorphic curves in connected sums. An additional application of this behavior of holomorphic curves is a long exact sequence for linearized contact homology.
In this talk, we will give a brief introduction to contact homology, an invariant of contact manifolds defined by counting holomorphic curves in the symplectization of a contact manifold. We shall show that certain left-handed stabilizations of contact open books have vanishing contact homology.
This is done by finding restrictions on the behavior of holomorphic curves in connected sums. An additional application of this behavior of holomorphic curves is a long exact sequence for linearized contact homology.
2008/07/01
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
佐藤 隆夫 (大阪大学大学院理学研究科, JSPS)
On the Johnson homomorphisms of the automorphism group of
a free metabelian group
佐藤 隆夫 (大阪大学大学院理学研究科, JSPS)
On the Johnson homomorphisms of the automorphism group of
a free metabelian group
[ Abstract ]
The main object of our research is the automorphism group of a
free group. To be brief, the Johnson homomorphisms are studied in order to
describe one by one approximations of the automorphism group of a free group
. They play important roles on the study of the homology groups of the autom
orphism group of a free group. In general, to determine their images are ver
y difficult problem. In this talk, we define the Johnson homomorphisms of th
e automorphism group of a free metabelian group, and determine their images.
Using these results, we can give a lower bound on the image of the Johnson
homomorphisms of the automorphism group of a free group.
The main object of our research is the automorphism group of a
free group. To be brief, the Johnson homomorphisms are studied in order to
describe one by one approximations of the automorphism group of a free group
. They play important roles on the study of the homology groups of the autom
orphism group of a free group. In general, to determine their images are ver
y difficult problem. In this talk, we define the Johnson homomorphisms of th
e automorphism group of a free metabelian group, and determine their images.
Using these results, we can give a lower bound on the image of the Johnson
homomorphisms of the automorphism group of a free group.
2008/06/24
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Kenneth Shackleton (東京工業大学, JSPS)
On computing distances in the pants complex
http://www.is.titech.ac.jp/~kjshack5/FYEO.pdf
Kenneth Shackleton (東京工業大学, JSPS)
On computing distances in the pants complex
[ Abstract ]
The pants complex is an accurate combinatorial
model for the Weil-Petersson metric (WP) on Teichmueller space
(Brock). One hopes that many of the geometric properties
of WP are accurately replicated in the pants complex, and
this is the source of many open questions. We compare these
in general, and then focus on the 5-holed sphere and the
2-holed torus, the first non-trivial surfaces. We arrive at
an algorithm for computing distances in the (1-skeleton of the)
pants complex of either surface.
[ Reference URL ]The pants complex is an accurate combinatorial
model for the Weil-Petersson metric (WP) on Teichmueller space
(Brock). One hopes that many of the geometric properties
of WP are accurately replicated in the pants complex, and
this is the source of many open questions. We compare these
in general, and then focus on the 5-holed sphere and the
2-holed torus, the first non-trivial surfaces. We arrive at
an algorithm for computing distances in the (1-skeleton of the)
pants complex of either surface.
http://www.is.titech.ac.jp/~kjshack5/FYEO.pdf
2008/06/17
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
佐野 友二 (東京大学IPMU)
Multiplier ideal sheaves and Futaki invariant on toric Fano manifolds.
佐野 友二 (東京大学IPMU)
Multiplier ideal sheaves and Futaki invariant on toric Fano manifolds.
[ Abstract ]
I would like to discuss the subvarieties cut off by the multiplier
ideal sheaves (MIS) and Futaki invariant on toric Fano manifolds.
Futaki invariant is one of the necessary conditions for the existence
of Kahler-Einstein metrics on Fano manifolds,
on the other hand MIS is one of the sufficient conditions introduced by Nadel.
Especially I would like to focus on the MIS related to the Monge-Ampere equation
for Kahler-Einstein metrics on non-KE toric Fano manifolds.
The motivation of this work comes from the investigation of the
relationship with slope stability
of polarized manifolds introduced by Ross and Thomas.
This talk will be based on a part of the joint work with Akito Futaki
(arXiv:0711.0614).
I would like to discuss the subvarieties cut off by the multiplier
ideal sheaves (MIS) and Futaki invariant on toric Fano manifolds.
Futaki invariant is one of the necessary conditions for the existence
of Kahler-Einstein metrics on Fano manifolds,
on the other hand MIS is one of the sufficient conditions introduced by Nadel.
Especially I would like to focus on the MIS related to the Monge-Ampere equation
for Kahler-Einstein metrics on non-KE toric Fano manifolds.
The motivation of this work comes from the investigation of the
relationship with slope stability
of polarized manifolds introduced by Ross and Thomas.
This talk will be based on a part of the joint work with Akito Futaki
(arXiv:0711.0614).
2008/06/03
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
山口 祥司 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
On the geometry of certain slices of the character variety of a knot group
山口 祥司 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
On the geometry of certain slices of the character variety of a knot group
[ Abstract ]
joint work with Fumikazu Nagasato (Meijo University)
This talk is concerned with certain subsets in the character variety of a knot group.
These subsets are called '"slices", which are defined as a level set of a regular function associated to a meridian of a knot.
They are related to character varieties for branched covers along the knot.
Some investigations indicate that an equivariant theory for a knot is connected to a theory for branched covers via slices, for example, the equivariant signature of a knot and the equivariant Casson invariant.
In this talk, we will construct a map from slices into the character varieties for branched covers and investigate the properties.
In particular, we focus on slices called "trace-free", which are used to define the Casson-Lin invariant, and the relation to the character variety for two--fold branched cover.
joint work with Fumikazu Nagasato (Meijo University)
This talk is concerned with certain subsets in the character variety of a knot group.
These subsets are called '"slices", which are defined as a level set of a regular function associated to a meridian of a knot.
They are related to character varieties for branched covers along the knot.
Some investigations indicate that an equivariant theory for a knot is connected to a theory for branched covers via slices, for example, the equivariant signature of a knot and the equivariant Casson invariant.
In this talk, we will construct a map from slices into the character varieties for branched covers and investigate the properties.
In particular, we focus on slices called "trace-free", which are used to define the Casson-Lin invariant, and the relation to the character variety for two--fold branched cover.
2008/05/20
17:00-18:30 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Jer\^ome Petit (東京工業大学, JSPS)
Turaev-Viro TQFT splitting.
Jer\^ome Petit (東京工業大学, JSPS)
Turaev-Viro TQFT splitting.
[ Abstract ]
The Turaev-Viro invariant is a 3-manifolds invariant. It is obtained in this way :
1) we use a combinatorial description of 3-manifolds, in this case it is : triangulation / Pachner moves
2) we define a scalar thanks to a categorical data (spherical category) and a topological data (triangulation)
3)we verify that the scalar is invariant under Pachner moves, then we obtain a 3-manifolds invariant.
The Turaev-Viro invariant can also be extended to a TQFT. Roughly speaking a TQFT is a data which assigns a finite dimensional vector space to every closed surface and a linear application to every 3-manifold with boundary.
In this talk, we will give a decomposition of the Turaev-Viro TQFT. More precisely, we decompose it into blocks. These blocks are given by a group associated to the spherical category which was used to construct the Turaev-Viro invariant. We will show that these blocks define a HQFT (roughly speaking a TQFT with an "homotopical data"). This HQFT is obtained from an homotopical invariant, which is the homotopical version of the Turaev-Viro invariant. Moreover this invariant can be used to obtain the homological Turaev-Viro invariant defined by Yetter.
The Turaev-Viro invariant is a 3-manifolds invariant. It is obtained in this way :
1) we use a combinatorial description of 3-manifolds, in this case it is : triangulation / Pachner moves
2) we define a scalar thanks to a categorical data (spherical category) and a topological data (triangulation)
3)we verify that the scalar is invariant under Pachner moves, then we obtain a 3-manifolds invariant.
The Turaev-Viro invariant can also be extended to a TQFT. Roughly speaking a TQFT is a data which assigns a finite dimensional vector space to every closed surface and a linear application to every 3-manifold with boundary.
In this talk, we will give a decomposition of the Turaev-Viro TQFT. More precisely, we decompose it into blocks. These blocks are given by a group associated to the spherical category which was used to construct the Turaev-Viro invariant. We will show that these blocks define a HQFT (roughly speaking a TQFT with an "homotopical data"). This HQFT is obtained from an homotopical invariant, which is the homotopical version of the Turaev-Viro invariant. Moreover this invariant can be used to obtain the homological Turaev-Viro invariant defined by Yetter.
2008/05/13
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Tamas Kalman (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科, JSPS)
The problem of maximum Thurston--Bennequin number for knots
Tamas Kalman (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科, JSPS)
The problem of maximum Thurston--Bennequin number for knots
[ Abstract ]
Legendrian submanifolds of contact 3-manifolds are
one-dimensional, just like knots. This ``coincidence'' gives rise to an
interesting and expanding intersection of contact and symplectic geometry
on the one hand and classical knot theory on the other. As an
illustration, we will survey recent results on maximizing the
Thurston--Bennequin number (which is a measure of the twisting of the
contact structure along a Legendrian) within a smooth knot type. In
particular, we will show how Kauffman's state circles can be used to solve
the maximization problem for so-called +adequate (among them, alternating
and positive) knots and links.
Legendrian submanifolds of contact 3-manifolds are
one-dimensional, just like knots. This ``coincidence'' gives rise to an
interesting and expanding intersection of contact and symplectic geometry
on the one hand and classical knot theory on the other. As an
illustration, we will survey recent results on maximizing the
Thurston--Bennequin number (which is a measure of the twisting of the
contact structure along a Legendrian) within a smooth knot type. In
particular, we will show how Kauffman's state circles can be used to solve
the maximization problem for so-called +adequate (among them, alternating
and positive) knots and links.
2008/04/22
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Sergey Yuzvinsky (University of Oregon)
Special fibers of pencils of hypersurfaces
Sergey Yuzvinsky (University of Oregon)
Special fibers of pencils of hypersurfaces
[ Abstract ]
We consider pencils of hypersurfaces of degree $d>1$ in the complex
$n$-dimensional projective space subject to the condition that the
generic fiber is irreducible. We study the set of completely reducible
fibers, i.e., the unions of hyperplanes. The first surprinsing result is
that the cardinality of thie set has very strict uniformed upper bound
(not depending on $d$ or $n$). The other one gives a characterization
of this set in terms of either topology of its complement or combinatorics
of hyperplanes. We also include into consideration more general special
fibers are iimportant for characteristic varieties of the hyperplane
complements.
We consider pencils of hypersurfaces of degree $d>1$ in the complex
$n$-dimensional projective space subject to the condition that the
generic fiber is irreducible. We study the set of completely reducible
fibers, i.e., the unions of hyperplanes. The first surprinsing result is
that the cardinality of thie set has very strict uniformed upper bound
(not depending on $d$ or $n$). The other one gives a characterization
of this set in terms of either topology of its complement or combinatorics
of hyperplanes. We also include into consideration more general special
fibers are iimportant for characteristic varieties of the hyperplane
complements.
2008/04/15
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
村上 順 (早稲田大学理工)
On the invariants of knots and 3-manifolds related to the restricted quantum group
村上 順 (早稲田大学理工)
On the invariants of knots and 3-manifolds related to the restricted quantum group
[ Abstract ]
I would like to talk about the colored Alexander invariant and the logarithmic
invariant of knots and links. They are constructed from the universal R-matrices
of the semi-resetricted and restricted quantum groups of sl(2) respectively,
and they are related to the hyperbolic volumes of the cone manifolds along
the knot. I also would like to explain an attempt to generalize these invariants to
a three manifold invariant which relates to the volume of the manifold actually.
I would like to talk about the colored Alexander invariant and the logarithmic
invariant of knots and links. They are constructed from the universal R-matrices
of the semi-resetricted and restricted quantum groups of sl(2) respectively,
and they are related to the hyperbolic volumes of the cone manifolds along
the knot. I also would like to explain an attempt to generalize these invariants to
a three manifold invariant which relates to the volume of the manifold actually.
2008/01/29
16:30-18:30 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
松田 能文 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科) 16:30-17:30
The rotation number function on groups of circle diffeomorphisms
A Diagrammatic Construction of Third Homology Classes of Knot Quandles
松田 能文 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科) 16:30-17:30
The rotation number function on groups of circle diffeomorphisms
[ Abstract ]
ポアンカレは、円周の向きを保つ同相写像に対して、回転数の有理性と有限軌道の存在が
同値であることを示した。この講演では、この事実が円周の向きを保つ同相写像のなすあ
る種の群に対して一般化できることを説明する。特に、円周の向きを保つ実解析的微分同
相のなす非離散的な群に対して、回転数関数による像の有限性と有限軌道の存在が同値で
あることを示す。
木村 康人 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科) 17:30-18:30ポアンカレは、円周の向きを保つ同相写像に対して、回転数の有理性と有限軌道の存在が
同値であることを示した。この講演では、この事実が円周の向きを保つ同相写像のなすあ
る種の群に対して一般化できることを説明する。特に、円周の向きを保つ実解析的微分同
相のなす非離散的な群に対して、回転数関数による像の有限性と有限軌道の存在が同値で
あることを示す。
A Diagrammatic Construction of Third Homology Classes of Knot Quandles
[ Abstract ]
There exists a family of third (quandle / rack) homology classes,
called the shadow (fundamental / diagram) classes,
of the knot quandle, which are obtained from
the shadow colourings of knot diagrams.
We will show the construction of these homology classes,
and also show their relation to the shadow quandle cocycle
invariants of knots and that to other third homology classes.
There exists a family of third (quandle / rack) homology classes,
called the shadow (fundamental / diagram) classes,
of the knot quandle, which are obtained from
the shadow colourings of knot diagrams.
We will show the construction of these homology classes,
and also show their relation to the shadow quandle cocycle
invariants of knots and that to other third homology classes.
2008/01/15
16:30-17:30 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
飯田 修一 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
Adiabatic limits of eta-invariants and the Meyer functions
飯田 修一 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
Adiabatic limits of eta-invariants and the Meyer functions
[ Abstract ]
The Meyer function is the function defined on the hyperelliptic
mapping class group, which gives a signature formula for surface
bundles over surfaces.
In this talk, we introduce certain generalizations of the Meyer
function by using eta-invariants and we discuss the uniqueness of this
function and compute the values for Dehn twists.
The Meyer function is the function defined on the hyperelliptic
mapping class group, which gives a signature formula for surface
bundles over surfaces.
In this talk, we introduce certain generalizations of the Meyer
function by using eta-invariants and we discuss the uniqueness of this
function and compute the values for Dehn twists.
2007/12/18
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
R.C. Penner (USC and Aarhus University)
Groupoid lifts of representations of mapping classes
R.C. Penner (USC and Aarhus University)
Groupoid lifts of representations of mapping classes
[ Abstract ]
The "Ptolemy groupoid" is the fundamental path groupoid of the dual to the ideal cell decomposition of the decorated Teichmueller space of a punctured or bordered surface, and the "Torelli groupoid" is thesimilar discretization of the fundamental path groupoid of the quotient
by the Torelli subgroup of mapping classes that acts identically on the first integral homology of the surface. Mapping classes can be represented as appropriate elements of the Ptolemy groupoid and likewise for elements of the Torelli group in the Torelli groupoid.
A natural series of questions is to wonder which representations of mapping class groups, Torelli groups, and their subgroups can be lifted to the groupoid level. In a series of joint works with J. Andersen, A. Bene, N. Kawazumi, and S. Morita, we have given explicit lifts of a number of classical representations: The Johnson representations of the classical and higher Torelli groups
and the symplectic representation of the mapping class group all lift to the Torelli groupoid. Furthermore, the Nielsen representation of the mapping class group as automorphisms of a
free group lifts to the Ptolemy groupoid, and hence so too does any representation
of the mapping class group that factors through its action on the fundamental group of
the surface such as the Magnus representation. We shall survey these various groupoid lifts and discuss current and potential future applications.
The "Ptolemy groupoid" is the fundamental path groupoid of the dual to the ideal cell decomposition of the decorated Teichmueller space of a punctured or bordered surface, and the "Torelli groupoid" is thesimilar discretization of the fundamental path groupoid of the quotient
by the Torelli subgroup of mapping classes that acts identically on the first integral homology of the surface. Mapping classes can be represented as appropriate elements of the Ptolemy groupoid and likewise for elements of the Torelli group in the Torelli groupoid.
A natural series of questions is to wonder which representations of mapping class groups, Torelli groups, and their subgroups can be lifted to the groupoid level. In a series of joint works with J. Andersen, A. Bene, N. Kawazumi, and S. Morita, we have given explicit lifts of a number of classical representations: The Johnson representations of the classical and higher Torelli groups
and the symplectic representation of the mapping class group all lift to the Torelli groupoid. Furthermore, the Nielsen representation of the mapping class group as automorphisms of a
free group lifts to the Ptolemy groupoid, and hence so too does any representation
of the mapping class group that factors through its action on the fundamental group of
the surface such as the Magnus representation. We shall survey these various groupoid lifts and discuss current and potential future applications.
2007/12/11
16:30-18:40 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Xavier G\'omez-Mont (CIMAT, Mexico) 16:30-17:30
A Singular Version of The Poincar\\'e-Hopf Theorem
Chen Ruan cohomology of cotangent orbifolds and Chas-Sullivan string topology
Xavier G\'omez-Mont (CIMAT, Mexico) 16:30-17:30
A Singular Version of The Poincar\\'e-Hopf Theorem
[ Abstract ]
The Poincar\\'e-Hopf Theorem asserts that the Euler Characteristic of a compact manifold is the sum of the indices of any vector field on it with isolated singularities.
A hypersurface in real or complex number space may be considered as the limit of the smooth hypersurfaces obtained from nearby regular values. The singularity contains “hidden” topology, which is unfolded by a smooth regeneration. At the singularity one has an algebraic invariant, the Jacobi Algebra, which is obtained by considering analytic functions modulo the partial derivatives. It contains topological information of the singularity.
One may consider vector fields tangent to a hypersurface with isolated singularities, and define topologically an index, which coincides with the sum of the Poincar\\'e-Hopf indices of a regeneration of it tangent to a nearby smooth hypersurface.
I will explain how to compute the index of a vector field X tangent to an isolated hypersurface singularity V using Homological Algebra, as the Euler Characteristic of the homology of the complex obtained by contracting differential forms on V with the vector field X. The formula contains several terms, but the higher order terms may be translated from the invariants of the singular point to invariants in the Jacobi Algebra, making this translation a local version of the Poincar\\'e-Hopf Theorem.
I will also explain how some of these ideas can be extended to complete intersections.
Miguel A. Xicotencatl (CINVESTAV, Mexico) 17:40-18:40The Poincar\\'e-Hopf Theorem asserts that the Euler Characteristic of a compact manifold is the sum of the indices of any vector field on it with isolated singularities.
A hypersurface in real or complex number space may be considered as the limit of the smooth hypersurfaces obtained from nearby regular values. The singularity contains “hidden” topology, which is unfolded by a smooth regeneration. At the singularity one has an algebraic invariant, the Jacobi Algebra, which is obtained by considering analytic functions modulo the partial derivatives. It contains topological information of the singularity.
One may consider vector fields tangent to a hypersurface with isolated singularities, and define topologically an index, which coincides with the sum of the Poincar\\'e-Hopf indices of a regeneration of it tangent to a nearby smooth hypersurface.
I will explain how to compute the index of a vector field X tangent to an isolated hypersurface singularity V using Homological Algebra, as the Euler Characteristic of the homology of the complex obtained by contracting differential forms on V with the vector field X. The formula contains several terms, but the higher order terms may be translated from the invariants of the singular point to invariants in the Jacobi Algebra, making this translation a local version of the Poincar\\'e-Hopf Theorem.
I will also explain how some of these ideas can be extended to complete intersections.
Chen Ruan cohomology of cotangent orbifolds and Chas-Sullivan string topology
[ Abstract ]
(Joint with: A. Gonzalez, E. Lupercio, C. Segovia, and B. Uribe)
At the end of 90's, two theories of topology were invented roughly at the same time and attracted considerable interest in the mathematical community. One is the Chas-Sullivan's loop product on the homology of loop space and the second one is Chen-Ruan's stringy cohomology of orbifold. It was an observation of Chen that inertia orbifold (which carries Chen-Ruan cohomology) is the space of constant loops of an orbifold. Therefore, two theories should interact. In this work we show that for an interesting family of orbifolds, the virtual orbifold cohomology, turns out to be a subalgebra of the homology of the loop orbifold, and is isomorphic, as algebras, to the Chen-Ruan orbifold cohomology of its cotangent orbifold.
(Joint with: A. Gonzalez, E. Lupercio, C. Segovia, and B. Uribe)
At the end of 90's, two theories of topology were invented roughly at the same time and attracted considerable interest in the mathematical community. One is the Chas-Sullivan's loop product on the homology of loop space and the second one is Chen-Ruan's stringy cohomology of orbifold. It was an observation of Chen that inertia orbifold (which carries Chen-Ruan cohomology) is the space of constant loops of an orbifold. Therefore, two theories should interact. In this work we show that for an interesting family of orbifolds, the virtual orbifold cohomology, turns out to be a subalgebra of the homology of the loop orbifold, and is isomorphic, as algebras, to the Chen-Ruan orbifold cohomology of its cotangent orbifold.
2007/12/04
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
今野 宏 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
Morse theory for abelian hyperkahler quotients
今野 宏 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
Morse theory for abelian hyperkahler quotients
[ Abstract ]
In 1980's Kirwan computed Betti numbers of symplectic quotients by using Morse theory. In this talk, we develop this method to hyperkahler quotients by abelian Lie groups. In this method, many computations are much more simplified in the case of hyperkahler quotients than the case of symplectic quotients. As a result we compute not only the Betti numbers, but also the cohomology rings of abelian hyperkahler quotients.
In 1980's Kirwan computed Betti numbers of symplectic quotients by using Morse theory. In this talk, we develop this method to hyperkahler quotients by abelian Lie groups. In this method, many computations are much more simplified in the case of hyperkahler quotients than the case of symplectic quotients. As a result we compute not only the Betti numbers, but also the cohomology rings of abelian hyperkahler quotients.
2007/11/27
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
石井 敦 (京都大学数理解析研究所)
A quandle cocycle invariant for handlebody-links
石井 敦 (京都大学数理解析研究所)
A quandle cocycle invariant for handlebody-links
[ Abstract ]
[joint work with Masahide Iwakiri (Osaka City University)]
A handlebody-link is a disjoint union of circles and a
finite trivalent graph embedded in a closed 3-manifold.
We consider it up to isotopies and IH-moves.
Then it represents an ambient isotopy class of
handlebodies embedded in the closed 3-manifold.
In this talk, I explain how a quandle cocycle invariant
is defined for handlebody-links.
[joint work with Masahide Iwakiri (Osaka City University)]
A handlebody-link is a disjoint union of circles and a
finite trivalent graph embedded in a closed 3-manifold.
We consider it up to isotopies and IH-moves.
Then it represents an ambient isotopy class of
handlebodies embedded in the closed 3-manifold.
In this talk, I explain how a quandle cocycle invariant
is defined for handlebody-links.
2007/11/20
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
長郷 文和 (東京工業大学大学院理工学研究科)
A certain slice of the character variety of a knot group
and the knot contact homology
長郷 文和 (東京工業大学大学院理工学研究科)
A certain slice of the character variety of a knot group
and the knot contact homology
[ Abstract ]
For a knot $K$ in 3-sphere, we can consider representations of
the knot group $G_K$ into $SL(2,\\mathbb{C})$.
Their characters construct an algebraic set.
This is so-called the $SL(2,\\mathbb{C})$-character variety of
$G_K$ and denoted by $X(G_K)$.
In this talk, we introduce a slice (a subset) $S_0(K)$ of $X(G_K)$.
In fact, this slice is closely related to the A-polynomial
and the abelian knot contact homology.
For example, the A-polynomial $A_K(m,l)$ of a knot $K$ is
a two-variable polynomial knot invariant defined by using
the character variety $X(G_K)$.
Then we can show that for any {\\it small knot} $K$, the number of
irreducible components of $S_0(K)$ gives an upper bound of
the maximal degree of the A-polynomial $A_K(m,l)$ in terms of
the variable $l$.
Moreover, for any 2-bridge knot $K$, we can show that
the coordinate ring of $S_0(K)$ is exactly the degree 0
abelian knot contact homology $HC_0^{ab}(K)$.
We will mainly explain these facts.
For a knot $K$ in 3-sphere, we can consider representations of
the knot group $G_K$ into $SL(2,\\mathbb{C})$.
Their characters construct an algebraic set.
This is so-called the $SL(2,\\mathbb{C})$-character variety of
$G_K$ and denoted by $X(G_K)$.
In this talk, we introduce a slice (a subset) $S_0(K)$ of $X(G_K)$.
In fact, this slice is closely related to the A-polynomial
and the abelian knot contact homology.
For example, the A-polynomial $A_K(m,l)$ of a knot $K$ is
a two-variable polynomial knot invariant defined by using
the character variety $X(G_K)$.
Then we can show that for any {\\it small knot} $K$, the number of
irreducible components of $S_0(K)$ gives an upper bound of
the maximal degree of the A-polynomial $A_K(m,l)$ in terms of
the variable $l$.
Moreover, for any 2-bridge knot $K$, we can show that
the coordinate ring of $S_0(K)$ is exactly the degree 0
abelian knot contact homology $HC_0^{ab}(K)$.
We will mainly explain these facts.
2007/11/06
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
児玉 大樹 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
Thustion's inequality and open book foliations
児玉 大樹 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
Thustion's inequality and open book foliations
[ Abstract ]
We will study codimension 1 foliations on 3-manifolds.
Thurston's inequality, which implies convexity of the foliation in
some sense, folds for Reebless foliations [Th]. We will discuss
whether the inequality holds or not for open book foliations.
[Th] W. Thurston: Norm on the homology of 3-manifolds, Memoirs of the
AMS, 339 (1986), 99--130.
We will study codimension 1 foliations on 3-manifolds.
Thurston's inequality, which implies convexity of the foliation in
some sense, folds for Reebless foliations [Th]. We will discuss
whether the inequality holds or not for open book foliations.
[Th] W. Thurston: Norm on the homology of 3-manifolds, Memoirs of the
AMS, 339 (1986), 99--130.
2007/10/30
17:00-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
太田 啓史 (名大多元数理)
$L_{\\infty}$ action on Lagrangian filtered $A_{\\infty}$ algebras.
太田 啓史 (名大多元数理)
$L_{\\infty}$ action on Lagrangian filtered $A_{\\infty}$ algebras.
[ Abstract ]
I will discuss $L_{\\infty}$ actions on Lagrangian filtered
$A_{\\infty}$ algebras by cycles of the ambient symplectic
manifold. In the course of the construction,
I like to remark that the stable map compactification is not
sufficient in some case when we consider ones from genus zero
bordered Riemann surface. Also, if I have time, I like to discuss
some relation to (absolute) Gromov-Witten invariant and other
applications.
(This talk is based on my joint work with K.Fukaya, Y-G Oh and K. Ono.)
I will discuss $L_{\\infty}$ actions on Lagrangian filtered
$A_{\\infty}$ algebras by cycles of the ambient symplectic
manifold. In the course of the construction,
I like to remark that the stable map compactification is not
sufficient in some case when we consider ones from genus zero
bordered Riemann surface. Also, if I have time, I like to discuss
some relation to (absolute) Gromov-Witten invariant and other
applications.
(This talk is based on my joint work with K.Fukaya, Y-G Oh and K. Ono.)
2007/10/23
16:30-18:00 Room #002 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Jun O'Hara (首都大学東京)
Spaces of subspheres and their applications
Jun O'Hara (首都大学東京)
Spaces of subspheres and their applications
[ Abstract ]
The set of q-dimensional subspheres in S^n is a Grassmann manifold which has natural pseudo-Riemannian structure, and in some cases, symplectic structure as well. Both of them are conformally invariant.
I will explain some examples of their applications to geometric aspects of knots and links.
The set of q-dimensional subspheres in S^n is a Grassmann manifold which has natural pseudo-Riemannian structure, and in some cases, symplectic structure as well. Both of them are conformally invariant.
I will explain some examples of their applications to geometric aspects of knots and links.
2007/10/16
17:00-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
二木 昭人 (東京工業大学大学院理工学研究科)
Toric Sasaki-Einstein manifolds
二木 昭人 (東京工業大学大学院理工学研究科)
Toric Sasaki-Einstein manifolds
[ Abstract ]
A compact toric Sasaki manifold admits a Sasaki-Einstein metric if and only if it is obtained by the Delzant construction from a toric diagram of a constant height. As an application we see that the canonical line bundle of a toric Fano manifold admits a complete Ricci-flat K\\"ahler metric.
A compact toric Sasaki manifold admits a Sasaki-Einstein metric if and only if it is obtained by the Delzant construction from a toric diagram of a constant height. As an application we see that the canonical line bundle of a toric Fano manifold admits a complete Ricci-flat K\\"ahler metric.
2007/10/09
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
浅岡 正幸 (京都大学大学院理学研究科)
Classification of codimension-one locally free actions of the affine group of the real line.
浅岡 正幸 (京都大学大学院理学研究科)
Classification of codimension-one locally free actions of the affine group of the real line.
[ Abstract ]
By GA, we denote the group of affine and orientation-preserving transformations
of the real line. In this talk, I will report on classification of locally free action of
GA on closed three manifolds, which I obtained recently. In 1979, E.Ghys proved
that if such an action preserves a volume, then it is smoothly conjugate to a homogeneous action. However, it was unknown whether non-homogeneous action exists. As a consequence of the classification, we will see that the unit tangent bundle of a closed surface of higher genus admits a finite-parameter family of
non-homogeneous actions.
By GA, we denote the group of affine and orientation-preserving transformations
of the real line. In this talk, I will report on classification of locally free action of
GA on closed three manifolds, which I obtained recently. In 1979, E.Ghys proved
that if such an action preserves a volume, then it is smoothly conjugate to a homogeneous action. However, it was unknown whether non-homogeneous action exists. As a consequence of the classification, we will see that the unit tangent bundle of a closed surface of higher genus admits a finite-parameter family of
non-homogeneous actions.
2007/07/17
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
松村 朝雄 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
Orbifold Cohomology of Wreath Product Orbifolds and
Cohomological HyperKahler Resolution Conjecture
松村 朝雄 (東京大学大学院数理科学研究科)
Orbifold Cohomology of Wreath Product Orbifolds and
Cohomological HyperKahler Resolution Conjecture
[ Abstract ]
Chen-Ruan orbifold cohomology ring was introduced in 2000 as
the degree zero genus zero orbifold Gromov-Witten invariants with
three marked points. We will review its construction in the case of
global quotient orbifolds, following Fantechi-Gottsche and
Jarvis-Kaufmann-Kimura. We will describe the orbifold cohomology of
wreath product orbifolds and explain its application to Ruan's
cohomological hyperKahler resolution conjecture.
Chen-Ruan orbifold cohomology ring was introduced in 2000 as
the degree zero genus zero orbifold Gromov-Witten invariants with
three marked points. We will review its construction in the case of
global quotient orbifolds, following Fantechi-Gottsche and
Jarvis-Kaufmann-Kimura. We will describe the orbifold cohomology of
wreath product orbifolds and explain its application to Ruan's
cohomological hyperKahler resolution conjecture.
2007/07/10
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Danny C. Calegari (California Institute of Technology)
Combable functions, quasimorphisms, and the central limit theorem
(joint with Koji Fujiwara)
Danny C. Calegari (California Institute of Technology)
Combable functions, quasimorphisms, and the central limit theorem
(joint with Koji Fujiwara)
[ Abstract ]
Quasimorphisms on groups are dual to stable commutator length,
and detect extremal phenomena in topology and dynamics. In typical groups
(even in a free group) stable commutator length is very difficult to
calculate, because the space of quasimorphisms is too large to study
directly without adding more structure.
In this talk, we show that a large class of quasimorphisms - the so-called
"counting quasimorphisms" on word-hyperbolic groups - can be effectively
described using simple machines called finite state automata. From this,
and from the ergodic theory of finite directed graphs, one can deduce a
number of properties about the statistical distribution of the values of a
counting quasimorphism on elements of the group.
Quasimorphisms on groups are dual to stable commutator length,
and detect extremal phenomena in topology and dynamics. In typical groups
(even in a free group) stable commutator length is very difficult to
calculate, because the space of quasimorphisms is too large to study
directly without adding more structure.
In this talk, we show that a large class of quasimorphisms - the so-called
"counting quasimorphisms" on word-hyperbolic groups - can be effectively
described using simple machines called finite state automata. From this,
and from the ergodic theory of finite directed graphs, one can deduce a
number of properties about the statistical distribution of the values of a
counting quasimorphism on elements of the group.
2007/07/03
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
金 英子 (東京工業大学情報理工学研究科)
Two invariants of pseudo--Anosov mapping classes: hyperbolic volume vs dilatation
(joint work with Mitsuhiko Takasawa)
金 英子 (東京工業大学情報理工学研究科)
Two invariants of pseudo--Anosov mapping classes: hyperbolic volume vs dilatation
(joint work with Mitsuhiko Takasawa)
[ Abstract ]
We concern two invariants of pseudo-Anosov mapping classes.
One is the dilatation of pseudo--Anosov maps and the other is the volume
of mapping tori. To study how two invariants are related, fixing a surface
we represent a mapping class by using the standard generator set and compute
these two for all pseudo--Anosov mapping classes with up to some word length.
In the talk, we observe two properties:
(1) The ratio of the topological entropy (i.e. logarithm of the dilatation) to
the volume is bounded from below by some positive constant which only
depends on the surface.
(2) The conjugacy class having the minimal dilatation reaches the minimal volume.
On the observation (1), in case of the mapping class group of a once--punctured
torus, we give a concrete lower bound of the ratio.
We concern two invariants of pseudo-Anosov mapping classes.
One is the dilatation of pseudo--Anosov maps and the other is the volume
of mapping tori. To study how two invariants are related, fixing a surface
we represent a mapping class by using the standard generator set and compute
these two for all pseudo--Anosov mapping classes with up to some word length.
In the talk, we observe two properties:
(1) The ratio of the topological entropy (i.e. logarithm of the dilatation) to
the volume is bounded from below by some positive constant which only
depends on the surface.
(2) The conjugacy class having the minimal dilatation reaches the minimal volume.
On the observation (1), in case of the mapping class group of a once--punctured
torus, we give a concrete lower bound of the ratio.
2007/06/12
16:30-18:00 Room #056 (Graduate School of Math. Sci. Bldg.)
Tian-Jun Li (University of Minnesota)
The Kodaira dimension of symplectic 4-manifolds
Tian-Jun Li (University of Minnesota)
The Kodaira dimension of symplectic 4-manifolds
[ Abstract ]
Various results and questions about symplectic4-manifolds can be
formulated in terms of the notion of the Kodaira dimension. In particular,
we will discuss the classification and the geography problems. It is interesting
to understand how it behaves undersome basic constructions.Time permitting
we will discuss the symplectic birational aspect of this notion and speculate
how to extend it to higher dimensional manifolds.
Various results and questions about symplectic4-manifolds can be
formulated in terms of the notion of the Kodaira dimension. In particular,
we will discuss the classification and the geography problems. It is interesting
to understand how it behaves undersome basic constructions.Time permitting
we will discuss the symplectic birational aspect of this notion and speculate
how to extend it to higher dimensional manifolds.
