統計数学セミナー

過去の記録 ~03/28次回の予定今後の予定 03/29~

担当者 吉田朋広、荻原哲平、小池祐太
セミナーURL http://www.sigmath.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/~kamatani/statseminar/
目的 確率統計学およびその関連領域に関する研究発表, 研究紹介を行う.

過去の記録

2016年05月30日(月)

13:00-14:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
本講演は大阪大学で行い,東京大学へWeb配信いたします.
岡田 随象 氏 (大阪大学)
遺伝統計学で迫る疾患病態の解明とゲノム創薬
[ 講演概要 ]
遺伝統計学とは、生物における遺伝情報と形質情報との結びつきを、統計解析を
通じて明らかにする研究分野である。近年の技術進歩に伴い、数千人~数十万人規模のサンプルにおける遺伝情報が得られるようになった。これらの膨大なゲノムデータに対する遺伝統計解析を通じて数多くの疾患原因遺伝子が同定されただけでなく、疾患病態の解明やゲノム創薬にも貢献できることが明らかになっている。一方で、膨大なデータを適切に扱う遺伝統計手法の開発にニーズが高まっており、情報学・数理科学・疫学・医学など、多彩な分野の研究者が参入する傾向が認められている。本セミナーでは、遺伝統計学を巡る最新の現状を報告したい。

2016年04月26日(火)

16:10-17:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室
Teppei Ogihara 氏 (Institute of Statistical Mathematics, JST PRESTO, JST CREST)
LAMN property and optimal estimation for diffusion with non synchronous observations
[ 講演概要 ]
We study so-called local asymptotic mixed normality (LAMN) property for a statistical model generated by nonsynchronously observed diffusion processes using a Malliavin calculus technique. The LAMN property of the statistical model induces an asymptotic minimal variance of estimation errors for any estimators of the parameter. We also construct an optimal estimator which attains the best asymptotic variance.

2016年04月26日(火)

13:00-14:20   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室
Ciprian Tudor 氏 (Université de Lille 1)
Stochastic heat equation with fractional noise 1
[ 講演概要 ]
In the first part, we introduce the bifractional Brownian motion, which is a Gaussian process that generalizes the well- known fractional Brownian motion. We present the basic properties of this process and we also present its connection with the mild solution to the heat equation driven by a Gaussian noise that behaves as the Brownian motion in time.

2016年04月26日(火)

14:30-15:50   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室
Ciprian Tudor 氏 (Université de Lille 1)
Stochastic heat equation with fractional noise 2
[ 講演概要 ]
We will present recent result concerning the heat equation driven by q Gaussian noise which behaves as a fractional Brownian motion in time and has a correlated spatial structure. We give the basic results concerning the existence and the properties of the solution. We will also focus on the distribution of this Gaussian process and its connection with other fractional-type processes.

2016年04月22日(金)

10:30-11:50   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 002号室
Ciprian Tudor 氏 (Université de Lille 1)
Stein method and Malliavin calculus : theory and some applications to limit theorems 1
[ 講演概要 ]
In this first part, we will present the basic ideas of the Stein method for the normal approximation. We will also describe its connection with the Malliavin calculus and the Fourth Moment Theorem.

2016年04月22日(金)

12:50-14:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 002号室
Ciprian Tudor 氏 (Université de Lille 1)
Stein method and Malliavin calculus : theory and some applications to limit theorems 2
[ 講演概要 ]
In the second presentation, we intend to do the following: to illustrate the application of the Stein method to the limit behavior of the quadratic variation of Gaussian processes and its connection to statistics. We also intend to present the extension of the method to other target distributions.

2016年04月22日(金)

14:20-15:50   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 002号室
Seiichiro Kusuoka 氏 (Okayama University)
Equivalence between the convergence in total variation and that of the Stein factor to the invariant measures of diffusion processes

[ 講演概要 ]
We consider the characterization of the convergence of distributions to a given distribution in a certain class by using Stein's equation and Malliavin calculus with respect to the invariant measures of one-dimensional diffusion processes. Precisely speaking, we obtain an estimate between the so-called Stein factor and the total variation norm, and the equivalence between the convergence of the distributions in total variation and that of the Stein factor. This talk is based on the joint work with C.A.Tudor (arXiv:1310.3785).

2016年04月22日(金)

16:10-17:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 002号室
Nakahiro Yoshida 氏 (University of Tokyo, Institute of Statistical Mathematics, JST CREST)
Asymptotic expansion and estimation of volatility
[ 講演概要 ]
Parametric estimation of volatility of an Ito process in a finite time horizon is discussed. Asymptotic expansion of the error distribution will be presented for the quasi likelihood estimators, i.e., quasi MLE, quasi Bayesian estimator and one-step quasi MLE. Statistics becomes non-ergodic, where the limit distribution is mixed normal. Asymptotic expansion is a basic tool in various areas in the traditional ergodic statistics such as higher order asymptotic decision theory, bootstrap and resampling plans, prediction theory, information criterion for model selection, information geometry, etc. Then a natural question is to obtain asymptotic expansion in the non-ergodic statistics. However, due to randomness of the characteristics of the limit, the classical martingale expansion or the mixing method cannot not apply. Recently a new martingale expansion was developed and applied to a quadratic form of the Ito process. The higher order terms are characterized by the adaptive random symbol and the anticipative random symbol. The Malliavin calculus is used for the description of the anticipative random symbols as well as for obtaining a decay of the characteristic functions. In this talk, the martingale expansion method and the quasi likelihood analysis with a polynomial type large deviation estimate of the quasi likelihood random field collaborate to derive expansions for the quasi likelihood estimators. Expansions of the realized volatility under microstructure noise, the power variation and the error of Euler-Maruyama scheme are recent applications. Further, some extension of martingale expansion to general martingales will be mentioned. References: SPA2013, arXiv:1212.5845, AISM2011, arXiv:1309.2071 (to appear in AAP), arXiv:1512.04716.

2016年01月27日(水)

13:00-14:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
Ajay Jasra 氏 (National University of Singapore)
Multilevel SMC Samplers
[ 講演概要 ]

The approximation of expectations w.r.t. probability distributions associated to the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) is considered herein; this scenario appears routinely in Bayesian inverse problems. In practice, one often has to solve the associated PDE numerically, using, for instance finite element methods and leading to a discretisation bias, with step-size level h_L. In addition, the expectation cannot be computed analytically and one often resorts to Monte Carlo methods. In the context of this problem, it is known that the introduction of the multi-level Monte Carlo (MLMC) method can reduce the amount of computational effort to estimate expectations, for a given level of error. This is achieved via a telescoping identity associated to a Monte Carlo approximation of a sequence of probability distributions with discretisation levels \infty>h_0>h_1\cdots>h_L. In many practical problems of interest, one cannot achieve an i.i.d. sampling of the associated sequence of probability distributions. A sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) version of the MLMC method is introduced to deal with this problem. It is shown that under appropriate assumptions, the attractive property of a reduction of the amount of computational effort to estimate expectations, for a given level of error, can be maintained in the SMC context. The approach is numerically illustrated on a Bayesian inverse problem. This is a joint work with Kody Law (ORNL), Yan Zhou (NUS), Raul Tempone (KAUST) and Alex Beskos (UCL).

2016年01月20日(水)

13:00-17:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室
Enzo Orsingher 氏 (Sapienza University of Rome)
Fractional calculus and some applications to stochastic processes
[ 講演概要 ]
1) Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives
2) integrals of derivatives and derivatives of integrals
3) Dzerbayshan-Caputo fractional derivatives
4) Marchaud derivative
5) Riesz potential and fractional derivatives
6) Hadamard derivatives and also Erdelyi-Kober derivatives
7) Laplace transforms of Riemann.Liouville and Dzerbayshan-Caputo fractional derivatives
8) Fractional diffusion equations and related special functions (Mittag-Leffler and Wright functions)
9) Fractional telegraph equations (space-time fractional equations and also their mutidimensional versions)
10) Time-fractional telegraph Poisson process
11) Space fractional Poisson process
13) Other fractional point processes (birth and death processes)
14) We shall present the relationship between solutions of wave and Euler-Poisson-Darboux equations through the Erdelyi-Kober integrals.

In these lessons we will introduce the main ideas of the classical fractional calculus. The results and theorems will be presented with all details and calculations. We shall study some fundamental fractional equations and their interplay with stochastic processes. Some details on the iterated Brownian motion will also be given.

2016年01月18日(月)

13:00-17:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室
Enzo Orsingher 氏 (Sapienza University of Rome)
Fractional calculus and some applications to stochastic processes
[ 講演概要 ]
1) Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives
2) integrals of derivatives and derivatives of integrals
3) Dzerbayshan-Caputo fractional derivatives
4) Marchaud derivative
5) Riesz potential and fractional derivatives
6) Hadamard derivatives and also Erdelyi-Kober derivatives
7) Laplace transforms of Riemann.Liouville and Dzerbayshan-Caputo fractional derivatives
8) Fractional diffusion equations and related special functions (Mittag-Leffler and Wright functions)
9) Fractional telegraph equations (space-time fractional equations and also their mutidimensional versions)
10) Time-fractional telegraph Poisson process
11) Space fractional Poisson process
13) Other fractional point processes (birth and death processes)
14) We shall present the relationship between solutions of wave and Euler-Poisson-Darboux equations through the Erdelyi-Kober integrals.

In these lessons we will introduce the main ideas of the classical fractional calculus. The results and theorems will be presented with all details and calculations. We shall study some fundamental fractional equations and their interplay with stochastic processes. Some details on the iterated Brownian motion will also be given.

2016年01月15日(金)

13:00-17:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室
Enzo Orsingher 氏 (Sapienza University of Rome)
Fractional calculus and some applications to stochastic processes
[ 講演概要 ]
1) Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives
2) integrals of derivatives and derivatives of integrals
3) Dzerbayshan-Caputo fractional derivatives
4) Marchaud derivative
5) Riesz potential and fractional derivatives
6) Hadamard derivatives and also Erdelyi-Kober derivatives
7) Laplace transforms of Riemann.Liouville and Dzerbayshan-Caputo fractional derivatives
8) Fractional diffusion equations and related special functions (Mittag-Leffler and Wright functions)
9) Fractional telegraph equations (space-time fractional equations and also their mutidimensional versions)
10) Time-fractional telegraph Poisson process
11) Space fractional Poisson process
13) Other fractional point processes (birth and death processes)
14) We shall present the relationship between solutions of wave and Euler-Poisson-Darboux equations through the Erdelyi-Kober integrals.

In these lessons we will introduce the main ideas of the classical fractional calculus. The results and theorems will be presented with all details and calculations. We shall study some fundamental fractional equations and their interplay with stochastic processes. Some details on the iterated Brownian motion will also be given.

2015年12月03日(木)

16:40-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 123号室
本講演は,数物フロンティア・リーディング大学院のFMSPレクチャーズとして行います.
Arnak Dalalyan 氏 (ENSAE ParisTech)
Learning theory and sparsity ~ Sparsity and low rank matrix learning ~
[ 講演概要 ]
In this third lecture, we will present extensions of the previously introduced sparse recovery techniques to the problems of machine learning and statistics in which a large matrix should be learned from data. The analogue of the sparsity, in this context, is the low-rankness of the matrix. We will show that such matrices can be effectively learned by minimizing the empirical risk penalized by the nuclear norm. The resulting problem is a problem of semi-definite programming and can be solved efficiently even when the dimension is large. Theoretical guarantees for this method will be established in the case of matrix completion with known sampling distribution.

2015年12月02日(水)

14:55-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室
本講演は,数物フロンティア・リーディング大学院のFMSPレクチャーズとして行います.
Arnak Dalalyan 氏 (ENSAE ParisTech)
Learning theory and sparsity ~ Lasso, Dantzig selector and their statistical properties ~
[ 講演概要 ]
In this second lecture, we will focus on the problem of high dimensional linear regression under the sparsity assumption and discuss the three main statistical problems: denoising, prediction and model selection. We will prove that convex programming based predictors such as the lasso and the Dantzig selector are provably consistent as soon as the dictionary elements are normalized and an appropriate upper bound on the noise-level is available. We will also show that under additional assumptions on the dictionary elements, the aforementioned methods are rate-optimal and model-selection consistent.

2015年11月25日(水)

14:55-18:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室
本講演は,数物フロンティア・リーディング大学院のFMSPレクチャーズとして行います.
Arnak Dalalyan 氏 (ENSAE ParisTech)
Learning theory and sparsity ~ Introduction into sparse recovery and compressed sensing ~
[ 講演概要 ]
In this introductory lecture, we will present the general framework of high-dimensional statistical modeling and its applications in machine learning and signal processing. Basic methods of sparse recovery, such as the hard and the soft thresholding, will be introduced in the context of orthonormal dictionaries and their statistical accuracy will be discussed in detail. We will also show the relation of these methods with compressed sensing and convex programming based procedures.

2015年11月18日(水)

17:00-18:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室
Ioane Muni Toke 氏 (University of New Caledonia)
Order flow intensities for limit order book modelling
[ 講演概要 ]
Limit order books are at the core of electronic financial markets. Mathematical models of limit order books use point processes to model the arrival of limit, market and cancellation orders in the order book, but it is not clear what a "good" parametric model for the intensities of these point processes should be.

In the first part of the talk, we show that despite their simplicity basic Poisson processes can be used to accurately model a few features of the order book that more advanced models reproduce with volume-dependent intensities.

In the second part of the talk we present ongoing investigations in a more advanced statistical modelling of these order flow intensities using in particular normal mixture distributions and exponential models.

2015年10月19日(月)

13:00-16:40   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
水田 正弘 氏 (北海道大学 情報基盤センター)
ビッグデータブームと統計学
[ 講演概要 ]
ビッグデータおよび関連する事項について扱います。

以下の内容を予定しております。

1.ビッグデータの定義と特徴

2.ビッグデータブーム・・・?

3.統計学の流れ

4.ビッグデータの解析に使える統計学

5.可視化は有効か?

6.ミニデータ

7.SDAとFDA

8.その他

2015年09月17日(木)

15:00-16:10   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
Stefano Iacus 氏 (University of Milan)
The use of S4 classes and methods in the Yuima R package
[ 講演概要 ]
In this talk we present the basic concept of S4 classes and methods approach for object oriented programming in R. As a working example, we introduce the structure of the Yuima package for simulation and inference of stochastic differential equations. We will describe the basic classes and objects as well as some recent extensions which allows for Carma and Co-Garch processes handling in Yuima.

2015年08月07日(金)

14:40-15:50   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
生方雅人 氏 (釧路公立大学)
Effectiveness of time-varying minimum value at risk and expected shortfall hedging
[ 講演概要 ]
This paper assesses the incremental value of time-varying minimum value at risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES) hedging strategies over unconditional hedging strategy. The conditional futures hedge ratios are calculated through estimation of multivariate volatility models under a skewed and leptokurtic distribution and Monte Carlo simulation for conditional skewness and kurtosis of hedged portfolio returns. We examine DCC-GJR models with or without encompassing realized covariance measure (RCM) from high-frequency data under a multivariate skewed Student's t-distribution. In the out-of-sample analysis with a daily rebalancing approach, the empirical results show that the conditional minimum VaR and ES hedging strategies outperform the unconditional hedging strategy. We find that the use of RCM improves the futures hedging performance for a short hedge, although the degree of improvement is small relative to that when switching from unconditional to conditional.

2015年08月07日(金)

13:20-14:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
Yoann Potiron 氏 (University of Chicago)
ESTIMATION OF INTEGRATED QUADRATIC COVARIATION BETWEEN TWO ASSETS WITH ENDOGENOUS SAMPLING TIMES
[ 講演概要 ]
When estimating integrated covariation between two assets based on high-frequency data,simple assumptions are usually imposed on the relationship between the price processes and the observation times. In this paper, we introduce an endogenous 2-dimensional model and show that it is more general than the existing endogenous models of the literature. In addition, we establish a central limit theorem for the Hayashi-Yoshida estimator in this general endogenous model in the case where prices follow pure-diffusion processes.

2015年06月05日(金)

16:20-17:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 056号室
足立高徳 氏 (立命館大学)
A Note on Algorithmic Trading based on Some Personal Experience
[ 講演概要 ]
I overview a brief history of HFT based on my 14 years' personal experience of the algorithmic trading business at a wall-street company. Starting with descriptions about layers of the algo business, I mention a stochastic index arbitrage business that I employed in some detail. After reviewing some HFT specific issues such as super short-period alpha, I try to forecast what is going on with HFT in near future.

2015年04月10日(金)

14:50-16:00   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 128号室
Yacine Ait-Sahalia 氏 (Princeton University)
Principal Component Analysis of High Frequency Data (joint with Dacheng Xiu)
[ 講演概要 ]
We develop a methodology to conduct principal component analysis of high frequency financial data. The procedure involves estimation of realized eigenvalues, realized eigenvectors, and realized principal components and we provide the asymptotic distribution of these estimators. Empirically, we study the components of the constituents of Dow Jones Industrial Average Index, in a high frequency version, with jumps, of the Fama-French analysis. Our findings show that, excluding jump variation, three Brownian factors explain between 50 and 60% of continuous variation of the stock returns. Their explanatory power varies over time. During crises, the first principal component becomes increasingly dominant, explaining up to 70% of the variation on its own, a clear sign of systemic risk.

2015年02月19日(木)

16:30-17:40   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
Dobrislav Dobrev 氏 (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Division of International Finance)
TBA
[ 講演概要 ]
TBA

2015年02月10日(火)

16:30-17:40   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
Ioane Muni Toke 氏 (Ecole Centrale Paris and University of New Caledonia)
Zero-intelligence modelling of limit order books
[ 講演概要 ]
Limit order books (LOB) are at the core of electronic financial markets.
A LOB centralizes all orders of all market participants on a given
exchange, matching buy and sell orders of all types.

In a first part, we observe that a LOB is a queueing system and that
this analogy is fruitful to derive stationary properties of these
structures. Using a basic Poisson model, we compute analytical formulas
for the average shape of the LOB. Our model allows for non-unit size of
limit orders, leading to new predictions on the granularity of financial
markets that turn out to be empirically valid.

In a second part, we study the LOB during the call auction, a market
design often used during the opening and closing phases of the trading
day. We show that in a basic Poisson model of the call auction, the
distributions for the traded volume and the range of clearing prices are
analytically computable. In the case of a liquid market, we derive weak
limits of these distributions and test them empirically.

2015年01月16日(金)

14:00-15:30   数理科学研究科棟(駒場) 052号室
Ajay Jasra 氏 (National University of Singapore)
A stable particle filter in high-dimensions
[ 講演概要 ]
We consider the numerical approximation of the filtering problem in high dimensions, that is, when the hidden state lies in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with $d$ large. For low dimensional problems, one of the most popular numerical procedures for consistent inference is the class of approximations termed as particle filters or sequential Monte Carlo methods. However, in high dimensions, standard particle filters (e.g. the bootstrap particle filter) can have a cost that is exponential in $d$ for the algorithm to be stable in an appropriate sense. We develop a new particle filter, called the space-time particle filter, for a specific family of state-space models in discrete time. This new class of particle filters provide consistent Monte Carlo estimates for any fixed $d$, as do standard particle filters. Moreover, under a simple i.i.d. model structure, we show that in order to achieve some stability properties this new filter has cost $\mathcal{O}(nNd^2)$, where $n$ is the time parameter and $N$ is the number of Monte Carlo samples, that are fixed and independent of $d$. Similar results hold, under a more general structure than the i.i.d. one. Here we show that, under additional assumptions and with the same cost, the asymptotic variance of the relative estimate of the normalizing constant grows at most linearly in time and independently of the dimension. Our theoretical results are supported by numerical simulations. The results suggest that it is possible to tackle some high dimensional filtering problems using the space-time particle filter that standard particle filters cannot.

This is joint work with: Alex Beskos (UCL), Dan Crisan (Imperial), Kengo Kamatani (Osaka) and Yan Zhou (NUS).
[ 参考URL ]
http://www.sigmath.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/~kamatani/statseminar/2014/06.html

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